Whatever Happened to an Affordable College Education?
by Lawrence Wittner
995 words
As U.S. college students―and their families―know all too well, the cost of a higher education in the United States has skyrocketed in recent decades. According to the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, between 2008 and 2017 the average cost of attending a four-year public college, adjusted for inflation, increased in every state in the nation. In Arizona, tuition soared by 90 percent. Over the past 40 years, the average cost of attending a four-year college increased by over 150 percent for both public and private institutions.
By the 2017-2018 school year, the average annual costat public colleges stood at $25,290 for in-state students and $40,940 for out-of-state students, while the average annual cost for students at private colleges reached $50,900.
In the past, many public colleges had been tuition-free or charged minimal fees for attendance, thanks in part to the federal Land Grant College Actof 1862. But now that’s “just history.” The University of California, founded in 1868, was tuition-freeuntil the 1980s. Today, that university estimatesthat an in-state student’s annual cost for tuition, room, board, books, and related items is $35,300; for an out-of-state student, it’s $64,300.
Not surprisingly, far fewer students now attend college. Between the fall of 2010 and the fall of 2018, college and university enrollment in the United States plummeted by two million students. According to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, the United States ranks 13thin its percentage of 25- to 34-year-olds who have some kind of college or university credentials, lagging behind South Korea, Russia, Lithuania, and other nations.
Furthermore, among those American students who do manage to attend college, the soaring cost of higher education is channeling them away from their studies and into jobs that will help cover their expenses. As a Georgetown University reporthas revealed, more than 70 percent of American college students hold jobs while attending school. Indeed, 40 percent of U.S. undergraduates work at least 30 hours a week at these jobs, and 25 percent of employed students work full-time.
Such employment, of course, covers no more than a fraction of the enormous cost of a college education and, therefore, students are forced to take out loans and incur very substantial debt to banks and other lending institutions. In 2017, roughly 70 percentof students reportedly graduated college with significant debt. According to published reports, in 2018 over 44 million Americans collectively held nearly $1.5 trillion in student debt. The average student loan borrower had $37,172 in student loans―a $20,000 increase from 13 years before.
Why are students facing these barriers to a college education? Are the expenses for maintaining a modern college or university that much greater now than in the past?
Certainly not when it comes to faculty. After all, tenured faculty and faculty in positions that can lead to tenure have increasingly been replaced by miserably-paid adjunct and contingent instructors―migrant laborers who now constitute about three-quarters of the instructional facultyat U.S. colleges and universities. Adjunct faculty, paid a few thousand dollars per course, often fall below the official federal poverty line. As a result, about a quarter of them receive public assistance, including food stamps.
By contrast, higher education’s administrative costs are substantially greater than in the past, both because of the vast multiplication of administratorsand their soaring incomes. According to the Chronicle of Higher Education, in 2016 (the last year for which figures are available), there were 73 privateand publiccollege administrators with annual compensation packages that ran from $1 million to nearly $5 million each.
Even so, the major factor behind the disastrous financial squeeze upon students and their families is the cutback in government fundingfor higher education. According to a study by the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, between 2008 and 2017 states cut their annual funding for public colleges by nearly $9 billion (after adjusting for inflation). Of the 49 states studied, 44 spent less per student in the 2017 school year than in 2008. Given the fact that states―and to a lesser extent localities―covered most of the costs of teaching and instruction at these public colleges, the schools made up the difference with tuition increases, cuts to educational or other services, or both.
For example, SUNY, New York State’s large public university system, remained tuition-freeuntil 1963, but thereafter, students and their parents were forced to shoulder an increasing percentage of the costs. This process accelerated from 2007-08 to 2018-19, when annual state funding plummeted from $1.36 billion to $700 million. As a result, student tuition now covers nearly 75 percent of the operating costs of the state’s four-year public colleges and university centers. This is not atypical.
This government disinvestment in public higher education reflects the usual pressure from the wealthy and their conservative allies to slash taxes for the rich and reduce public services. “We used to tax the rich and invest in public goods like affordable higher education,” one observer remarked. “Today, we cut taxes on the rich and then borrow from them.”
Of course, it’s quite possible to make college affordable once again. The United States is far wealthier now than in the past, with a bumper crop of excessively rich peoplewho could be taxed for this purpose. Beginning with his 2016 presidential campaign,Bernie Sandershas called for the elimination of undergraduate tuition and fees at public colleges, plus student loan reforms, funded by a tax on Wall Street speculation. More recently, Elizabeth Warrenhas championed a plan to eliminate the cost of tuition and fees at public colleges, as well as to reduce student debt, by establishing a small annual federal wealth tax on households with fortunes of over $50 million.
Certainly, something should be done to restore Americans’ right to an affordable college education.
–end–
Dr. Lawrence Wittner, syndicated by PeaceVoice, is Professor of History emeritus at SUNY/Albany and the author of Confronting the Bomb(Stanford University Press).
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With peak moving season in swing and Americans considering where to settle down, the personal-finance website WalletHub today released its report on 2019’s Best States to Live in as well as accompanying videos.
To help Americans settle down in the best and most affordable place possible, WalletHub compared the 50 states across 51 key indicators of livability. They range from housing costs and income growth to education rate and quality of hospitals.
Living Conditions in Utah (1=Best; 25=Avg.)
For the full report, please visit:
https://wallethub.com/edu/best-states-to-live-in/62617
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The personal-finance website WalletHub today released its latest Credit Card Debt Study, which found that consumers paid off $38 billion of their roughly $1 trillion in credit card debt during the first quarter of 2019. Given that this year’s first-quarter paydown was smaller than last year’s, WalletHub now projects a $70 billion net increase in credit card debt during 2019.
The debt picture is worrisome nationwide, but some areas have bigger payment problems than others. WalletHub compared more than 2,500 cities based on how much residents owe to credit card companies – specifically, how those balances changed in Q1.
Cities with the Biggest Debt Paydown
Cities with the Smallest Debt Paydown
Ewa Beach, HI
Atlantic City, NJ
Darien, CT
Benton Harbor, MI
Dix Hills, NY
Bastrop, LA
Lake Forest, IL
Dunnellon, FL
Southlake, TX
Camden, NJ
Westport, CT
Greenville, OH
Collegeville, PA
Forest Park, GA
Calabasas, CA
Sun City Center, FL
Beverly Hills, CA
Laguna Woods, CA
Scarsdale, NY
Darlington, SC
Q&A with WalletHub CEO Odysseas Papadimitriou
Why is a first-quarter paydown a bad sign for credit card debt?
“Paying off credit card debt always is preferable to the alternative, but history tells us the size of the paydown matters,” said WalletHub CEO Odysseas Papadimitriou. “It’s normal for credit card debt to decrease during the first quarter of the year as consumers receive annual salary bonuses and tax refunds as well as commit to financial New Year’s resolutions. But a relatively big or small first-quarter paydown can be an important indicator for consumer performance throughout the rest of the year.
In 2018, we began the year by paying off almost $41 billion in credit card debt during the first quarter, and we ended the year owing $67 billion more than we did to start. The fact that we didn’t pay down as much debt during Q1 this year may be a sign that consumers aren’t quite as healthy as some other metrics may indicate.”
How long can consumers keep racking up credit card debt?
“If the average household’s credit card balance tops $10,000, that would be a breaking point,” said WalletHub CEO Odysseas Papadimitriou. “At that point, defaults would rise sharply from the historical lows they’ve hovered near for years now. Access to credit would tighten as a result, and consumer spending would slow, causing further economic damage. Unfortunately, we’re not far from the $10,000 level right now. The average household currently owes roughly $8,390.”
What’s the best way to pay off credit card debt?
The best way to pay off credit card debt is as quickly as possible, starting with the balance that has the highest APR,” said WalletHub CEO Odysseas Papadimitriou. “Credit card interest rates are extremely high compared to most other loans because they are unsecured. Even the average credit card APR is north of 19%, according to WalletHub’s latest Credit Card Landscape Report. Carrying a large balance from month to month with interest accruing at a rate that high would be quite costly. As a result, it’s best to make a budget that devotes as much as possible to monthly debt payments and removes luxuries you can live without. People with good credit or better may also be able to qualify for a 0% APR balance transfer credit card or a debt consolidation loan with a low APR. When used responsibly, such offers can save you a lot of money and time.”
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3 Ways To Restore The Climate
— For Ourselves And Future Generations
Scientists say we see the adverse effects of climate change everywhere -- in weather patterns, throughout plant and animal habitats, across farmland, on the polar caps, and in the oceans.
Numerous studies have concluded dire consequences for the planet unless the right solutions are implemented. And now comes a report painting a particularly bleak picture: one million of the planet’s eight million species are threatened with extinction by humans. Climate change, shrinking habitat, and pollution were blamed in the report by the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, a United Nations committee, as the main reasons for species loss.
What are the solutions? Is climate change as dangerous and imminent a threat as scientists say?
Dr. Paul Zeitz, an epidemiologist and the senior policy advisor with the Healthy Climate Alliance (www.drpaulzeitz.org), says there’s no time to waste, and that “climate restoration” legislation would mark the beginning of the solutions.
“Our failing planetary health requires bold political action to ensure our planet is habitable for future generations,” says Zeitz, author of Waging Justice: A Doctor’s Journey To Speak Truth And Be Bold. “Legislation is being developed to promote the removal of excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and to prevent catastrophic methane release from the melting of the Arctic.
“Multiple methods are currently available to achieve these actions and restore a safe and healthy climate for ourselves and future generations. We must call for the passage of comprehensive legislation at the federal, state and local levels to rapidly accelerate climate restoration.”
Zeitz explains three methods that could assist in climate restoration:
Carbon sequestration for a commercial market. Massive amounts of rock, sourced from quarries, are used annually for infrastructure construction. If the rock was sourced from carbon dioxide instead, Zeitz says, that action would sequester large amounts of carbon dioxide away from the atmosphere. “Companies, such as Blue Planet Ltd, are developing commercially viable ways to remove excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by turning it into limestone aggregate for concrete,” Zeitz says. “This method can scale to remove a trillion tons of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere within 30 to 40 years.”
Fishery restoration. “This combines poverty reduction and community empowerment with carbon sequestration,” Zeitz says. “There are massive stretches of ocean that are nutrient-limited due to climate change. If we supplement nutrients, then we promote photosynthesis and build up fisheries. That, in turn, allows for carbon sequestration in the deep ocean. A pilot project in Madagascar commences this summer that involves nutrient supplementation as a foundation for fisheries restoration.”
Restoring Arctic ice. Researchers at Ice911 Research have spent 10 years creating, testing and refining floating glass spheres that act as a reflective layer on the Arctic ice. “These spheres get spread across the ice in the spring and act as fresh snow — a highly reflective surface — during the 24 hours of daylight experienced in the summertime,” Zeitz says. “This allows the ice to remain through the summer, which, in turn, enables the ice to thicken and become more durable over time.”
“If we take bold action in the next several years to implement the range of solutions described, we will be able to reduce the most devastating impacts of the climate crisis,” Zeitz says. “And we can do our best to ensure that our children and future generations can survive and thrive.”
About Dr. Paul Zeitz
Dr. Paul Zeitz (www.drpaulzeitz.org) is a physician, epidemiologist, and an award-winning advocate for global justice and human rights. He is serving as the senior policy advisor with the Healthy Climate Alliance, which focuses on climate restoration, and is the author of Waging Justice: A Doctor’s Journey To Speak Truth And Be Bold.
Dr. Zeitz worked at the U.S. Department of State from 2014-17 as the Director of the Data Revolution for Sustainable Development. He also led the Global AIDS Alliance. Dr. Zeitz received his doctorate in osteopathic medicine from the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine and his MPH in public health and preventive medicine residency at Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health.
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They didn’t know
They didn’t know. That tragic day would be their last day alive. They woke-up and went about their usual morning routine. Coffee, shower, breakfast. Feed the kids. Feed the dog. Kiss the spouse good-by. Drive to work.
They didn’t know. The Virginia Beach mass shooting left 12 people dead—innocent human beings that died unexpectedly. Photographs of the 12 victims can be found on various news websites. The 12 people had family, friends, and relationships. They had daily lives. Four people were wounded. Four lives forever changed. Survivors.
They didn’t know. Trauma. Tragedy. How can the human mind process such a horror? Shock. So surreal. How much can a human heart bare?
They didn’t know. Eleven of the victims were city employees. Another was a contractor seeking a permit at the municipal center. Devastation. Disaster.
They didn’t know. A deranged employee. A cowardice coworker. Twelve precious people gone to soon. A city left in turmoil. A nation in mourning. Disbelief. Distress.
They didn’t know. Twelve people—mothers, fathers, sons, daughters, grandparents, sisters, brothers, aunts, uncles, cousins, friends, coworkers. Human beings with purpose and passion.
They didn’t know. They would not be returning home at the end of the day. Empty beds.
Twelve funerals. Heartache. Heartbreak. Weeping. Weeping. Weeping. Emotional pain encased in each teardrop. A river of tears for 12 human beings.
Grief. But so much more—lives forever changed for those left behind. How does the living carry on when a member of humanity murders loved ones? How do you make sense of the senseless? Safety is shattered. Security is shattered.
I looked at each photograph. Each of the 12 victims once breathed. They loved, laughed, and lived. They cried. They are a part of humanity.
We look to God for answers. But there are no answers now. Someday there will be answers.
There is no closure. Closure is a myth—a tidy word meant to comfort the living. A sense of loss remains. Nonetheless, the hurt becomes less and less as time produces a scab—then a scar. But there is no final healing—a future day on earth when all is well for the 12 families and people left behind. Birthdays and death days hold memories.
We carry on because we must carry on. Hope sustains the weary soul. The grave holds the body, but not the spirit.
How could they have known?
Melissa Martin, Ph.D, is an author, columnist, educator, and therapist. She lives in
Southern Ohio.
==========================
Webinar at 1pm ET: Summer Schedules for Children with ADHD
Don't miss today's live ADHD expert webinar
Tuesday, June 11, 2019 @ 1pm ET - Still time to register & attend!
Can't attend the live webinar?
As long as you register now, we'll email you the video replay link.
Optimize Your Child’s Summer Schedule: Fun, Learning, and Connection
Date: Tuesday, June 11, 2019
Time: 1pm-2pm Eastern Time
(12pm-1pm CT; 11am-12pm MT; 10am-11am PT)
Find it in your time zone >
Expert: Susan Kruger, M.Ed.
For the last 10 months, your child has put in superhuman effort to meet academic expectations and overcome learning challenges. You don’t want him to lose the progress he's made, yet you know that he needs a break from school-related pressures. Learn how to strike the right balance this summer.
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ADDitude thanks our sponsors for supporting our webinars. Sponsorship has no influence on speaker selection or webinar content.
A lawsuit was recently filed in Utah against Tesla, the car manufacturer, involving the failure of an autonomous system to prevent an accident.
SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH, UNITED STATES, June 7, 2019 /EINPresswire.com/ -- A lawsuit was recently filed in Utah against Tesla, the car manufacturer, involving the failure of an autonomous system to prevent an accident. In the suit, the claimant states that she was told she only needed to touch the steering wheel on occasion when she was driving in Autopilot mode, but the vehicle did not stop for cars that were not moving in front of her. ASA Insurance says that these situations bring up many questions for car owners about autonomous cars and their car insurance coverage.
The incident in the lawsuit happened on May 11, 2018 in Salt Lake City when the driver looked at her phone while the car was in Autopilot mode. She claimed that sales staff told her that the car would stop by itself when driven in this mode if something was in the path. According to the police report, the driver did not touch the steering wheel for 80 seconds before the crash and only put the brakes on just a fraction of a second before impact. A spokesman for Tesla stated that the company warns drivers not to rely on the Autopilot mode and to monitor their vehicle and the road at all times. This is not the first incident for the company or for other car manufacturers that have developed autonomous and semi-autonomous systems. ASA Insurance, a provider of auto insurance in Salt Lake City, expects more of these situations to occur as the use of the systems increase.
“People expect systems to work like they are designed,” says Creed Anderson of ASA Insurance. “However, it is still their responsibility to be watchful of the road as they travel.” He explains that many of these systems give a false sense of security to drivers who feel the vehicle has more control. Ultimately, the driver must be responsible for what happens when they are out on the road.
“Of course, the manufacturer must design a system that works,” Anderson continues. There is responsibility on the manufacturer to ensure that the buyer is aware of their responsibility and the product is marketed accurately. If the system malfunctions, it is the manufacturer’s responsibility to make things right. However, the focus for Anderson is on making sure people are aware that they must continue to be alert even when they are using new technology on their vehicles. Many other systems are in place to assist drivers, such as adaptive cruise control, lane assist systems and emergency braking. However, drivers should never rely on them solely to make the right decisions to avoid an accident. Even with autonomous technology, drivers should keep their eyes on the road to protect themselves from a crash.
New technology is designed to make driving safer, but it is not perfect. ASA insurance wants to make sure drivers know how these systems work, recognize their limitations and understand their responsibility to remain aware so that fewer accidents will be the result instead of more in the future.
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*For a review copy of the book or an interview with Elaine Biech, please contact Dottie DeHart, DeHart & Company Public Relations, at (828) 325-4966 or simply reply to this email.
Can Consultants Ever Find Balance? Somewhat, Says Elaine Biech—and Here Are Seven Ways to Start Moving in the Right Direction.
Being a consultant can consume your life if you let it. There is no such thing as perfect work/life balance, but this advice from Elaine Biech will help you work toward the goal while building a career you love.
Hoboken, NJ (June 2019)—Being a consultant can be a deeply rewarding career. But make no mistake: It can also be brutal. On one hand, you get to do the work you love while enjoying perks like setting your own schedule and traveling to exciting cities. But on the other hand, you must endure the punishing realities of your job: 4:00 a.m. flights, hours upon hours of work, poorly prepared restaurant food, and getting home at midnight after a long week.
Is balance even possible? Well, perhaps not fully. As the industry inside joke goes, "In consulting, you will always have perfect work/life balance. Your work will be your life, and your life will be your work. Perfectly balanced." However, says Biech, you can find a reasonable compromise between "perfect balance" and "working yourself to death."
"To thrive as a consultant, you've got to at least work toward achieving balance," says Biech, author of The New Business of Consulting: The Basics and Beyond (Wiley, May 2019, ISBN: 978-1-119-55690-9, $30.00) and its companion workbook, The New Consultant's Quick Start Guide: An Action Plan for Your First Year in Business (Wiley, April 2019, ISBN: 978-1-119-55693-0, $28.00). "If you don't set healthy limits, work will take over your life, and eventually you will crash and burn."
Biech says there are seven steps you can take to at least make progress toward balance:
First, identify the imbalance. Without first laying out your life priorities, it can be hard to create a work/life balance. Biech recommends this exercise from mentor and consulting whiz Geoff Bellman: Identify the three things you value most in life. Write them down. Now scan your checkbook, bank statement, and calendar. Do your choices match the three things you value the most?
Next ask your spouse, a colleague, or a friend what he or she believes you value the most. Did that person choose the three things you chose?
Now begin to make real choices. What do you need to do to demonstrate the value you place on the three things you chose?
Make your own rules. You started your consulting business so that you could be your own boss. You can begin by telling yourself what your hours will be. A business task takes creativity and energy, so draining yourself becomes counterproductive. Of course, sometimes you stay late or work a weekend simply to meet a deadline, but do not make that your standard way of working. Make a rule that helps to put your business in perspective. Tell yourself, for example, If it's not done by 6:00 p.m., it will wait until tomorrow.
Remember to enjoy "the doing" of your work. "Don't hurry through each project just to get to the next one," says Biech. "If you love what you do, you may be missing some of the fun! Much of the pleasure may be in the doing. Be mindful. Stay in the moment while you're working. This may not curb the hours, but it will make them more enjoyable!"
Take time off (even during work trips). It is very important to take a break from your business. Go on vacation, even if it's a week-long "staycation" spent at home. Invigorate your mind, rejuvenate your body, sleep late, relax, and read something that has nothing to do with work.
And these breaks don't have to be planned ahead either. If you finish with a client early, or your plane lands in the middle of the day, go ahead and go for a walk on the beach at 2:00 in the afternoon to enjoy the flexibility that comes with your line of work.
Fill your life with other interests. Just because your job keeps you busy, you're still allowed to have a rich and rewarding life outside of your work life, says Biech. So join a book club. Learn golf. Try embroidery. Fly a kite. Collect something. Visit an antique store. Try hiking. Shop Etsy. Solve a Sudoku. Learn to paint. Take a cooking class. Write poetry. Work crossword puzzles. Refurbish a classic car. Study your heritage. Go for walks. Take an online course. Develop your family tree. Write a letter. Plan a trip.
Take advantage of being at home. If you work from your home, Biech recommends finding ways and times to get away from it all. Go for a walk at noon. Visit the gym a couple of times each week. Read the morning paper in your kitchen or eat lunch on the deck. Spend a few minutes playing with your dog or cat. If you're exhausted, take a nap; you can always work a little later to make up for it.
Closely examine how you are spending your time. Where can you become more efficient? To some extent, the issue of balance in life is really one of time management. Don't mistake busyness for business. You must prioritize deliberately, based on what you want out of life. Biech says we can't really save time, but we can shave time. Her book offers a wealth of time management tips. Here are just a few of them:
Work on several large projects rather than dozens of small projects. You invest a great deal of time moving from one client to another, getting up to speed, flying from one coast to the other, reminding yourself of all the personalities, and remembering names. This is why repeat business with the same client is good.
Prevent scope creep. This occurs when a project slowly grows larger than the original intent. It's one of the greatest ways consultants misuse time. Unless you are paid by the hour, scope creep will erode your profits and consume your time. Prevent scope creep with clear, measurable objectives and specific, identifiable timelines and deliverables. Then stick to them.
Protect your time by scheduling calls and emails. Don't deviate from the schedule. Calls can interrupt your concentration. If you want to stay focused, accept or return phone calls at a specific time. Follow the same thinking with email. Select certain times during the day when you will check and respond to emails to avoid being interrupted every few minutes.
If you are just starting out as a consultant, issues of balance become even more acute, notes Biech. "You will need to plan the entire transition," she says. "Focus on all the important areas of your life: social, family, spiritual, business, education. Identify how the balance might shift initially and determine how you want it to change and how soon. This helps you keep things in perspective during that tough initial push.
"Things will get easier over time, as you find your groove," adds Biech. "Or maybe you'll just get used to a different way of living. To me the most important rule is to stay mindful. If you pay attention and get used to shifting with the rhythms of work, you can carve out time to relax and rejuvenate and connect with the people you love. Those are the true reasons we seek balance, and as long as we stay intentional about them, we can make them happen."
# # #
About the Author:
Elaine Biech is the author of The New Business of Consulting: The Basics and Beyond. She is a dedicated lifelong learner who believes that excellence isn't optional. As a consultant, trainer, and president of ebb associates for more than 35 years, she helps global organizations to work through large-scale change and leaders to maximize their effectiveness. She has published 85 books, including the Washington Post #1 bestseller The Art and Science of Training. She is the recipient of numerous professional awards and accolades, including ATD's inaugural CPLP Fellow Honoree, ISA's Broomfield Award, and Wisconsin's Women Entrepreneur's Mentor Award. Elaine, a consummate professional, has been instrumental in leading the talent development profession during most of her career and has served on several boards, including ASTD, CCL, ISA, and others. She is a designer and facilitator for the online course "How to Build Your Successful Training Consulting Business" and has been featured in publications such as the Wall Street Journal, Harvard Management Update, Investor's Business Daily, and Fortune.
Customizing all of her work for individual clients, she conducts strategic planning sessions and is particularly adept at turning dysfunctional teams into productive ones. As a management consultant, trainer, and designer, she provides services globally to public- and private-sector organizations to prepare them for the challenges of the future.
For more information, please visit www.elainebiech.com.
About the Books:
The New Business of Consulting: The Basics and Beyond (Wiley, May 2019, ISBN: 978-1-119-55690-9, $30.00) and its companion workbook, The New Consultant's Quick Start Guide: An Action Plan for Your First Year in Business (Wiley, April 2019, ISBN: 978-1-119-55693-0, $28.00), are available at bookstores nationwide, from major online booksellers, and direct from the publisher by calling 800-225-5945. In Canada, call 800-567-4797. For more information, please visit the book's page and the workbook's page on www.wiley.com.
